tornado.wsgi — Interoperability with other Python frameworks and servers

WSGI support for the Tornado web framework.

WSGI is the Python standard for web servers, and allows for interoperability between Tornado and other Python web frameworks and servers. This module provides WSGI support in two ways:

• WSGIApplication is a version of tornado.web.Application that can run inside a WSGI server. This is useful for running a Tornado app on another HTTP server, such as Google App Engine. See the WSGIApplication class documentation for limitations that apply.
• WSGIContainer lets you run other WSGI applications and frameworks on the Tornado HTTP server. For example, with this class you can mix Django and Tornado handlers in a single server.

WSGIApplication

class tornado.wsgi.WSGIApplication(handlers=None, default_host='', **settings)

A WSGI equivalent of tornado.web.Application.

WSGIApplication is very similar to tornado.web.Application, except no asynchronous methods are supported (since WSGI does not support non-blocking requests properly). If you call self.flush() or other asynchronous methods in your request handlers running in a WSGIApplication, we throw an exception.

Example usage:

import tornado.web
import tornado.wsgi
import wsgiref.simple_server

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.write("Hello, world")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    application = tornado.wsgi.WSGIApplication([
        (r"/", MainHandler),
    ])
    server = wsgiref.simple_server.make_server('', 8888, application)
    server.serve_forever()

See the appengine demo for an example of using this module to run a Tornado app on Google App Engine.

WSGI applications use the same RequestHandler class, but not @asynchronous methods or flush(). This means that it is not possible to use AsyncHTTPClient, or the tornado.auth or tornado.websocket modules.

class tornado.wsgi.HTTPRequest(environ)

Mimics tornado.httpserver.HTTPRequest for WSGI applications.

Parses the given WSGI environment to construct the request.

supports_http_1_1()

Returns True if this request supports HTTP/1.1 semantics

cookies

A dictionary of Cookie.Morsel objects.

full_url()

Reconstructs the full URL for this request.

request_time()

Returns the amount of time it took for this request to execute.

WSGIContainer

class tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(wsgi_application)

Makes a WSGI-compatible function runnable on Tornado’s HTTP server.

Wrap a WSGI function in a WSGIContainer and pass it to HTTPServer to run it. For example:

def simple_app(environ, start_response):
    status = "200 OK"
    response_headers = [("Content-type", "text/plain")]
    start_response(status, response_headers)
    return ["Hello world!\n"]

container = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(simple_app)
http_server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(container)
http_server.listen(8888)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

This class is intended to let other frameworks (Django, web.py, etc) run on the Tornado HTTP server and I/O loop.

The tornado.web.FallbackHandler class is often useful for mixing Tornado and WSGI apps in the same server. See https://github.com/bdarnell/django-tornado-demo for a complete example.

static environ(request)

Converts a tornado.httpserver.HTTPRequest to a WSGI environment.